Éditions de l'Université de Bruxelles onixsuitesupport@onixsuite.com 20260422T0522Z eng

COM.ONIXSUITE.9782800419244 03 01 EUB 01 SKU 1924 02 2800419245 03 9782800419244 15 9782800419244 00 EB E107 09 11 09 12 12 10 19 10 02 13786571 02 71 01 02 Science politique 01 01 Politics in Belgium from 1830 until 2025 1 A01 01 Onixsuite Contributor ID 52 21 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0076-9376 Pascal Delwit Delwit, Pascal Pascal Delwit Pascal Delwit is Professor of Political Science at the Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), where he conducts his research at the Centre d'étude de la vie politique – CEVIPOL. Author of numerous contributions on European political life, he is regularly invited to analyse and comment on the political transformations occurring in Europe. Pascal Delwit est professeur en science politique à l'Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), où il mène ses recherches au Centre d'étude de la vie politique (Cevipol). Celles-ci sont principalement consacrées aux partis politiques et à la vie politique et électorale en Belgique et en Europe. Il est l'auteur des Gauches radicales en Europe. XIXe-XXIe siècles (2016) et de La Vie politique en Belgique de 1830 à nos jours (2022) aux Éditions de l’Université de Bruxelles. 42 Academia https://ulb.academia.edu/PascalDelwit 42 Twitter https://twitter.com/PDelwit 42 Facebook https://www.facebook.com/pascal.delwit 42 Linkedin https://www.linkedin.com/in/pascaldelwit/ 42 Research Gate https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Pascal-Delwit 06 Cevipol https://cevipol.centresphisoc.ulb.be/fr/membres?f%5B0%5D=membership%3A435 2 B09 01 Onixsuite Contributor ID 52 21 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0076-9376 Pascal Delwit Delwit, Pascal Pascal Delwit Pascal Delwit is Professor of Political Science at the Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), where he conducts his research at the Centre d'étude de la vie politique – CEVIPOL. Author of numerous contributions on European political life, he is regularly invited to analyse and comment on the political transformations occurring in Europe. Pascal Delwit est professeur en science politique à l'Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), où il mène ses recherches au Centre d'étude de la vie politique (Cevipol). Celles-ci sont principalement consacrées aux partis politiques et à la vie politique et électorale en Belgique et en Europe. Il est l'auteur des Gauches radicales en Europe. XIXe-XXIe siècles (2016) et de La Vie politique en Belgique de 1830 à nos jours (2022) aux Éditions de l’Université de Bruxelles. 42 Academia https://ulb.academia.edu/PascalDelwit 42 Twitter https://twitter.com/PDelwit 42 Facebook https://www.facebook.com/pascal.delwit 42 Linkedin https://www.linkedin.com/in/pascaldelwit/ 42 Research Gate https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Pascal-Delwit 06 Cevipol https://cevipol.centresphisoc.ulb.be/fr/membres?f%5B0%5D=membership%3A435 1 01 eng 05 458 03 26 1 10 POL000000 10 POL018000 10 POL058000 11 1.2.1.0.0.0.0 12 JPA 12 JPH 12 JPL 20 political parties; Belgium; political science; political systems 24 Publishers own classification SP Political Science 29 2012 3283 SCIENCES POLITIQUES 29 2012 3290 Organisation de l'Etat et action publique 29 2012 3300 Politique et pouvoir 93 JPA 01 06 03 00 This book examines how these trends have played out in Belgium by taking a long-term view from 1830 to today. While Belgium's political system and its main actors have changed significantly over time, some underlying patterns have remained. By looking at shifts in political life, institutions, and key players since independence while using the major cleavages that have shaped political debate, the author identifies six key phases in Belgium's political history: 1830–1893, 1894–1918, 1919–1945, 1946–1965, 1965–1999, and the early 21st century. Each of these periods is explored in detail. As with any timeline, the boundaries between the phases are not rigid. Still, it is essential to adopt a dynamic approach that recognises continuity and the turning points that have shaped Belgian politics. 02 00 Europe is going through a period of major political change. Governments are taking unusually long to form, elections are becoming more unpredictable, political systems are increasingly fragmented, the radical right is gaining strength, and trust in politics is eroding across large parts of society. 04 00 Introduction Chapter I - The Beginnings of the Belgian State A territory under trusteeship The union of the Northern and Southern provinces The advent of Belgium Chapter II - 1830-1893: From Unionism to Bipartisan Confrontation, Liberals vs Catholics Unionism A striking industrial and economic development Asymmetrical unionism Catholics vs Liberals Liberal crystallisation Building the Catholic Party The language issue: the beginnings of the centre-periphery cleavage Chapter III - 1893-1918: The Birth of a Multi-Party System The crystallisation of the socio-economic cleavage The rise of the socialist world: the Belgian Workers' Party - (Parti ouvrier belge-Belgische Werkliedenpartij, POB-BWP) Opening up the political system: the advent of universal male suffrage with plural voting 1894: a political turning point The advent of proportional representation The beginnings of pillarisation in Belgium Changing the world: the socialist pillar At the service of God and His people: the Catholic pillar Shattering the absolute majority: the final convulsions of Catholic dominance Belgium, a colonial power The 1914-1918 war and its consequences Chapter IV - 1919-1946: The Fall of the Catholic Party Hegemony and the Rise of a New Kind of Multiparty System Belgium's evolving status in post-World War I international relations Redefining industrial relations Towards linguistic equality? Changes in political life The development of the socialist pillar A new challenger: the Communist Party of Belgium (PCB-KPB) Farewell to Catholic hegemony The rise of the Flemish political movement: from the Frontpartij to the Vlaams Nationaal Verbond (VNV) Rediscovering Christ the King? The brief rise of Rex The new status of Belgian liberalism: a 'support' party for Catholics Pre-war turmoil Chapter V - 1944-1961: Fifteen Years of a Two-and-Half-Party System Is change always pursued for its intrinsic value? Changes in the social security system From the Catholic Bloc to the Parti social-chrétien-Christelijke Volkspartij (Social Christian Party) The aborted experiment of the Belgian Democratic Union From the Workers’ Party to the Belgian Socialist Party The Communist Party’s short-lived heyday The Liberal Party’s new role A long history of philosophical polarisation: from the Royal Question to the school wars The Royal Question Ruthless school wars The end of a colonial power Chapter VI - The New Openness of the Party System The new salience of the socio-economic and linguistic cleavages From the winter strike of 1960-1961 to Flemish socio-economic predominance Two main languages, two countries? Liberal realignment: building a conservative party A delicate transition for the socialist movement The emergence of regional parties in Belgium: the Volksunie, the FDF, and the Rassemblement wallon From the Vlaamse Concentratie to the Volksunie From the PWT to the Rassemblement wallon Building the FDF Further broadening of the party system Communist schism and new demands Challenging a traditional pattern The 'Leuven Affair’, or the breakup of the PSC-CVP The implosion of the Liberal Family The new socialist path: uniting progressives? The first state reform Dissolution of the Rassemblement wallon From the failure of the Egmont Pact to the laws of August 1980 The Volksunie is in turmoil Surfing the neoliberal wave Liberal comeback in the spotlight A Social Christian family under stress Further decentralisation: the long labour of the third reform of the state Socialist reorientation New cleavages, newcomers The short-lived UDRT-RAD The upsurge of green parties: Ecolo and Agalev Belgium through the prism of the new Radical Right Farewell to the Communist Party The existential questions of the Volksunie Repositioning the FDF The advent of federalism and the painful 1990s in Belgium Chapter VII - Extreme Fragmentation, Extreme Governing Difficulty 1999: a new rupture-election From missed opportunity to divine surprise: the evolution of the Flemish liberalism in the 1990s The foundations of a long-anticipated new era: the Francophone liberals An affected Social Christian world From heaven to hell? Socialists facing challenges The greens in government at last Major advances in new generation rights A fifth state reform Tribulations of Flemish political nationalism Mirage of bipolarism, explosion of multipartyism Farewell to Flemish political Catholicism? A sixth state reform by force The rise of a national, ethnocentric, and conservative party: the N-VA The false promise of Spirit The failure of the liberal sorpasso Vlaams Belang, like a phoenix The brief Dedecker phenomenon From sp.a to Vooruit: in search of lost socialism Flemish greens hit the glass ceiling: from Agalev to Groen Parti socialiste: farewell to dominance Ecolo: off the rollercoaster MR: the quest for the top spot DéFI: in search of an identity Failing of the French-speaking Radical Right The elusive horizon of the Parti populaire The uncertain future of the Centre démocrate humaniste and the surge of Les Engagés Radical Left resurgence: PTB-PVDA back in the game Chapter VII - Contemporary Changes in the Regime and Political System The fragmentation of the political system in Belgium Changes in electoral behaviour Institutional constraints The law on the state funding of political parties Repeated changes in electoral law The road to parity and diversity The federal state, changes in parliamentary representation, and the impact on parties A stalled negotiation process Party leaders, more and less powerful A new type of party: organisational changes in the world of political parties Changes in institutional constraints Personalisation and acceleration of communication time The diminishing role of monarchy Bibliography 16 00 The "Science Politique/Political Science" series at the Éditions de l'Université de Bruxelles publishes works in internal political science, sociology of politics, and comparative politics. 16 00 La collection « Science politique » aux Éditions de l'Université de Bruxelles publie des travaux de science politique interne, de sociologie du politique et de politique comparée. 17 00 Without being exclusive, its field of publication can be subdivided into three main general areas. The aim is to bring to the public's attention work relating to political and public life in three complementary dimensions: the actors, the acts, and the (public) action. ACTORS By 'actors' we mean the institutions of contemporary political regimes and the organizations that work therein: political parties, trade unions, associations, and pressure groups. ACTS This axis covers all studies relating to political participation in a broad sense: the electoral phenomenon and the recomposition of political and social landscapes. Other forms of political and social participation are also analysed: spontaneous mobilisations, organised militancy, social movements, forms of action, their symbolic dimensions, their effects, as well as the attitudes that are situated at the root of these modes of political and social participation. PUBLIC ACTION This third axis covers publications related to decision-making processes and public policy formation: political agenda-setting, stakeholder mobilization, negotiation and decision-making processes, implementation and evaluation. The ambition here is to deepen knowledge on the political actors, representations and behaviours of the two previous axes with an analysis of institutional facts, their evolution, and their influence on political life. 17 00 Sans être exclusif, son champ de publication peut être subdivisé en trois grands axes généraux. Il s'agit en fait de porter à la connaissance du public les travaux relatifs à la vie politique et publique sous trois dimensions complémentaires : l'acteur, l'acte et l'action. Les acteurs. Par acteurs, nous entendons les institutions des régimes politiques contemporains et les organisations qui y œuvrent : partis politiques, syndicats, associations et groupes de pression. L'acte. Cet axe recouvre toutes les études relatives à la participation politique au sens large : phénomène électoral et recomposition des paysages politiques et sociaux. Sont aussi analysées les autres formes de participation politique et sociale : les mobilisations spontanées, la militance organisée, les mouvements sociaux., les formes de l'action, leurs dimensions symboliques, leurs effets et les attitudes qui sont au fondement de ces modes de participation politique et sociale. L'action publique. Ce troisième axe couvre les publications relatives aux processus décisionnels et à la formation des politiques publiques : formation de l'agenda politique, mobilisation des acteurs, processus de négociation et de décision, mise en œuvre et évaluation. L'ambition est d'approfondir la connaissance sur les acteurs, les représentations et comportements politiques des deux axes précédents avec une analyse des faits institutionnels, de leurs évolutions et de leur influence sur la vie politique. 01 00 03 02 01 D502 02 2835 03 1894 06 8694da90f65c2f6e83aea50cce94d6ae 07 1131919 https://www.editions-ulb.be/resources/titles/74530100414920/images/e70611883d2760c8bbafb4acb29e3446/HIGHQ/9782800419244.jpg 17 20250911T1150Z 02 01 D502 02 187 03 125 06 0662555d409627c967913d7a631de9b2 07 23437 https://www.editions-ulb.be/resources/titles/74530100414920/images/e70611883d2760c8bbafb4acb29e3446/THUMBNAIL/9782800419244.jpg 17 20250911T1150Z 04 00 03 06 52 Onixsuite Contributor ID 02 01 D502 https://www.editions-ulb.be/resources/persons/52.jpg 06 00 03 02 01 D501 https://www.editions-ulb.be/resources/collections/20/images/20L.gif Éditions de l'Université de Bruxelles 01 Éditions de l'Université de Bruxelles 37 Oapen https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/105605?fbclid=IwY2xjawMvleBleHRuA2FlbQIxMABicmlkETFBbjZPUzhQYUVoNUJQUjNkAR4k7_MjW-VrydG77zYyp2n5gA6VBHwjLKJpU3gdphS1JiOCM4jAJpaTU2nMZA_aem_1vcYzkrhen8hEgeIoLDp-w 35 Oapen (gratuit) https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/105605?fbclid=IwY2xjawMvleBleHRuA2FlbQIxMABicmlkETFBbjZPUzhQYUVoNUJQUjNkAR4k7_MjW-VrydG77zYyp2n5gA6VBHwjLKJpU3gdphS1JiOCM4jAJpaTU2nMZA_aem_1vcYzkrhen8hEgeIoLDp-w 04 01 20250910 11 20250703 02 01 GCOI 74530100414920 06 03 9782800419237 06 03 9782800419503